Fig. 2
From: Thorium and fetal neural tube defects: an epidemiological evidence from large case-control study
Comparison of hair thorium concentration between the recruited participants who had pregnancies affected by total neural tube defects (Total NTDs), as well as their three subtypes of anencephaly (ANEN), spina bifida (SB), and encephalocele (ENCE), and those who delivered healthy infants (Controls) by Mann-Whitney U test, * P < 0.001. Data are shown as lower limit value, 25% percentile (P25), median value, 75% percentile (P75), and upper limit value, respectively