Fig. 5

A possible mechanism of DNA damage induced by RA in the presence of Cu(II) and NADH. A possible mechanism of the redox cycle of isorinic acid is shown in the lower panel for comparison with that of RA
A possible mechanism of DNA damage induced by RA in the presence of Cu(II) and NADH. A possible mechanism of the redox cycle of isorinic acid is shown in the lower panel for comparison with that of RA