Fig. 3
Effect of low pH on cytotoxicity and MN induction. The results of the two experiments were plotted. a–c Final pH of the medium; d–f RICC (%); g–i MN frequencies (%).
, Acetic acid;
, Lactic acid;
, Formic acid;
, RICC toxic level (40%);
, Upper limit of historical negative control range.
, Values in groups with significant increases in MN frequencies (p < 0.05, Fisher's exact test) and RICC ≥ 40%. *, Significantly increased values in MN frequencies (p < 0.05, Fisher's exact test). Statistical analysis was performed between the treated and the corresponding negative control groups