Fig. 2
Cell survival and MMP-1 induction after combined exposure to UVA and CSS. (A) Survival after coexposure to UVA and CSS. ASF-4-1 cells were irradiated with UVA (up to 60 kJ/m2), followed by treatment with CSS (up to 4%). After incubation for 24 h, cell survival was determined using trypan blue assay as described in Materials and Methods. ***p < 0.001 (vs. UVA 0 kJ/m2), ###p < 0.001 (vs. CSS 0%). (B) MMP-1 and COL1A1 mRNA expression 24 h after combined exposure to UVA and CSS. ASF-4-1 cells were irradiated with UVA (15 kJ/m2), followed by treatment with CSS (2%). After incubation for 24 h, RT-qPCR was performed. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 (vs. untreated). (C) MMP-1 protein levels 24 h after combined exposure to UVA and CSS. ASF-4-1 cells were irradiated with UVA (15 or 30 kJ/m2), followed by treatment with CSS (up to 4%). After incubation for 24 h, cells were lysed and Western blotting was performed. Actin was used as a standard for the equal loading of proteins for SDS–PAGE